remuslupin
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Posted: Sun Sep 16, 2007 2:47 am
Post subject: Psychology Terms & HELP LINES |
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Psychologists study the human mind and human behavior. Research psychologists investigate the physical, cognitive, emotional, or social aspects of human behavior. Psychologists in health service provider fields provide mental health care in hospitals, clinics, schools, or private settings. Psychologists employed in applied settings, such as business, industry, government, or nonprofits, provide training, conduct research, design systems, and act as advocates for psychology.
*About 4 out of 10 psychologists are self-employed, compared with less than 1 out of 10 among all professional workers.
*Most specialists, including clinical and counseling psychologists, need a doctoral degree; school psychologists need an educational specialist degree, and industrial-organizational psychologists need a master’s degree.
*Competition for admission to graduate psychology programs is keen.
*Overall employment of psychologists is expected to grow faster than the average for all occupations through 2014.
Psychologists apply their knowledge to a wide range of endeavors, including health and human services, management, education, law, and sports. In addition to working in a variety of settings, psychologists usually specialize in one of a number of different areas.
Counseling psychologists use various techniques, including interviewing and testing, to advise people on how to deal with problems of everyday living. They work in settings such as university counseling centers, hospitals, and individual or group practices. (See also the statements on counselors and social workers elsewhere in the Handbook.)
School psychologists work with students in elementary and secondary schools. They collaborate with teachers, parents, and school personnel to create safe, healthy, and supportive learning environments for all students; address students’ learning and behavior problems; improve classroom management strategies or parenting skills; counter substance abuse; assess students with learning disabilities and gifted and talented students to help determine the best way to educate them; and improve teaching, learning, and socialization strategies. They also may evaluate the effectiveness of academic programs, prevention programs, behavior management procedures, and other services provided in the school setting.
Industrial-organizational psychologists apply psychological principles and research methods to the workplace in the interest of improving productivity and the quality of work life. They also are involved in research on management and marketing problems. They screen, train and counsel applicants for jobs, as well as perform organizational development and analysis. An industrial psychologist might work with management to reorganize the work setting in order to improve productivity or quality of life in the workplace. Industrial psychologists frequently act as consultants, brought in by management to solve a particular problem.
Developmental psychologists study the physiological, cognitive, and social development that takes place throughout life. Some specialize in behavior during infancy, childhood, and adolescence, or changes that occur during maturity or old age. Developmental psychologists also may study developmental disabilities and their effects. Increasingly, research is developing ways to help elderly people remain independent as long as possible.
Social psychologists examine people’s interactions with others and with the social environment. They work in organizational consultation, marketing research, systems design, or other applied psychology fields. Prominent areas of study include group behavior, leadership, attitudes, and perception.
Experimental or research psychologists work in university and private research centers and in business, nonprofit, and governmental organizations. They study the behavior of both human beings and animals, such as rats, monkeys, and pigeons. Prominent areas of study in experimental research include motivation, thought, attention, learning and memory, sensory and perceptual processes, effects of substance abuse, and genetic and neurological factors affecting behavior.
HELP LINES
American Suicide Survival Line (National, 24/7)(888) SUICIDE (1-888-784-2433)
National Runaway Switchboard (800) 621-4000
National "Youth" Crisis Line (800) 999-9999
Friends for Survival, Inc. (support for survivors of suicide) (916) 392-0664
National Mental Health Association(800) 969-NMHA (6642)
Alcohol Abuse (800) 356-9996
Alcoholics Anonymous World Services (212) 870-3400
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (301) 443-3860
National Depression Screening Project (800) 573-4433
Domestic Violence Hotline (800) 799-SAFE (7233)
NY Hotline (800) 621-HOPE (4673)
Day One-Pasadena / Altadena (drug abuse) (626) 583-2755
National Institute on Drug Abuse (888) 644-6432
Weight Control Information Network (800) WIN-8098
Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Youth support (800) 850-8078
Gay and Lesbian Youth Talkline (800) 773-5540
National AIDS Hotline (800) 342-AIDS (2437)
HIV/AIDS Treatment Information Service (800) 448-0440
National Sexually Transmitted Disease Hotline (800) 227-8922
American Social Health Association (800) 227-8922
National Herpes Hotline (919) 361-8488
Health Advice Company (888) ADVICE8, (888) 238-4238
Herpes Resource Center (800) 230-6039
American Social Health Association (chlamydial infection) (800) 230-6039
National Women's Health Information Center (800) 994-WOMAN (9662)
National Planned Parenthood (800) 230-PLAN
Child Help USA (800) 422-4453
STD Hotline (sexually transmitted diseases) (800) 230-PLAN
National AIDS Hotline (800) 342-2437
Youth Crisis Line (800) 843-5250
R.A.I.N.N. (Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network) (800) 656-4673
Morning After Pill Info (888) 668-2528
Family Planning (800) 942-1054
Child Abuse Hotline (800) 540-4000
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